Thailand’s approximately 53 million eligible voters are participating in a significant election on March 24, 2024, to elect a new parliament and to decide on a proposed constitutional reform through a referendum. The objective of this reform is to enhance the democratic nature of the political system and diminish the power of unelected institutions within the country.
The reform-oriented People’s Party (PP), which succeeded the Move Forward Party that was disbanded by the Constitutional Court, is currently leading in the polls for the 500-seat lower house. The party’s campaign is led by Natthapong Ruangpanyawut, a 38-year-old entrepreneur. Despite this momentum, political analysts express skepticism about the PP’s ability to form a government, given the significant influence of powerful institutions and conservative elites that could hinder their ascent to power, as was the case following the 2023 elections.
Political Landscape and Key Players
In addition to the People’s Party, other significant political contenders include the Pheu Thai Party and the conservative Bhumjaithai Party, led by the incumbent Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul. Observers anticipate a tightly contested election, with coalition negotiations likely to be complex and challenging, reflecting Thailand’s history of political instability.
Prime Minister Anutin’s government has faced considerable hurdles, as he represents the third head of government in just two years. He called for a snap election in December 2023 amid tensions stemming from an armed border dispute with neighboring Cambodia. This situation marked the second outbreak of violence along the 800-kilometre border within a few months, rooted in unresolved territorial issues. A fragile ceasefire has been in place since late December, adding to the backdrop of uncertainty surrounding these elections.
Polling stations across Thailand will remain open until 17:00 local time (10:00 GMT). Preliminary results are expected to emerge shortly after voting concludes, although full official confirmation of all outcomes could take several weeks. This election represents a crucial moment in Thailand’s ongoing struggle for a more democratic governance structure and may set the stage for future political dynamics in the region.
